Personal Space

Personal Research

Public space tends to be a social space, accessible to people, which includes pavements, roads, public squares, parks and beaches. Government buildings, some of which has no entry fees, such as museums, art galleries and public libraries are public space. Public space is used in other ways as in visual art, cultural studies, social studies and urban design.

Personal space is an area which people regard as psychologically theirs. These spaces become very valued and most people can feel threatened, anxiety or anger when their personal space is invaded.

Different relationships are developed from personal space. If a person is permitting another person or more to enter their personal space this is an indication of a relationship between those people. These relationships are divided into zones.

There is an intimate zone reserved for lovers, children and close family members. There is another zone used for conversations with friends, to chat with associates, and in group discussions. A further zone is reserved for strangers, newly formed groups, and new acquaintances. A fourth zone is used for speeches, lectures, and thearte. Essentially, public distance is that range reserved for larger audiences.^[2]

Personal space

Personal research and presentation

How much space people needs in various social needs.

As social structures continue changing availability of personal space will decrease due to space limitation. Personal space can be defined from two very different perspectives. One entails the reality of the individual and their own interpretation of space and the reason for labelling it their personal space. The other perspective relates to how the objective outside world views this space. Unfortunately due to space limitation designers and architects have to strike a balance between needs and requirements of each individual personal space and the constraints of space and resources. 

“Social structure is not static is a responds to changes in culture, technology, economic conditions, group relationships, and societal needs and priorities” (Pearson Sociology- A down to earth approach). As a result personal space is likely to change and evolve over time. As an interior designer I have attempted to create personal spaces that reflect the dynamic nature of social structure.

I have designed several spaces one of them being a living room which was based on the minimalist approach to provide an uncluttered room where individuals could move around freely for both the able-bodied and the disabled. Other features I deliberately included in the design are a sense of coziness, comfort, an abundance of light and enough storage. These elements originate in changes in our societal needs and priorities, e.g. my design incorporated ease of movement for the disabled as a priority. 

Personal space can dictate the type of body language we use. So it is important to use the appropriate body language within the correct zone. Those who break these conventions either deliberately or inadvertently may have a big impact on others within the same space.

In this module the emphasis will be on the personal space zone which involves conversations with friends, chatting with associates, and having group discussions. This project is linked to a previous one in which I created a whole building using a body shape with the view of projecting an external image that differs entirely from the internal one. The purpose was to provide two different impressions of the building.    

One of the rooms from this project was taken to explore how to bring the outside world into the room and give the impression of no boundary between the room and the garden. The reason for this aim is to provide enough peace and serenity for the users of this space in order for them to feel confident to venture out into the outside world.

Open space 

Relaxing

Set the seen

Share Pleasure

Artists and interior designers have long understood how colours can dramatically affect moods, feelings and emotions. It is a powerful communication tool and can be used to signal action, influence mood, and cause physiological reactions. Certain colours can raise blood pressure, increase metabolism, or cause eyestrain.

Most psychologists view colours therapy with skepticism and point out that the supposed effects of colour have been exaggerated.

 Colours also have different meanings in different cultures. Research has demonstrated in many cases that the mood-altering effects of colour may only be temporary. A blue room may initially cause feelings of calm, but the effect dissipates after a short period of time.

Studies have also shown that certain colours can have an impact on performance. Exposing students to the colour red prior to an exam has been shown to have a negative impact on test performance. More recently, researchers discovered that the colour red causes people to react with greater speed and force, something that might prove useful during athletic activities.

Colour Moods www.psychology.about.com/

'rel=nofollow'http://observatory.designobserver.com/entry.html?entry=8597

, “according to the Unilever Family Report 2005 – Home Alone? published today.

Living alone has become the new rite of passage, with 97 per cent of those aged 25-34 believing that it is important to live alone before settling down. Contrary to the myth of Bridget Jones, this belief is felt particularly strongly by young, middle class women, according to the Unilever Family Report 2005 – Home Alone? published today.

By 2021, over 35 per cent of all households are expected to be people living alone. This is one of the most significant changes to have taken place in British society in decades, yet little research has been done into the reasons why. Home Alone? is the first piece of research to identify why people live alone and the extent to which this is a choice or a reaction to circumstance

For the first time, the report authored by the IPPR, and commissioned by Unilever, reveals that many young people actively seek the independence associated with solo living. The report reveals how living alone affects men and women differently, with 56 per cent of men saying that they are sometimes lonely compared to 48 per cent of women.

Gavin Neath, Chairman of Unilever UK, said: “This report provides a fascinating insight into the fact that young people are increasingly asserting their independence by choosing to live alone despite the financial implications.

In order to develop great brands it’s important to understand the factors that impact on people’s immediate lives as well as the broader trends that shape society, which is why we have commissioned this annual report. We believe there is a benefit in building our understanding of solo living to ensure we meet the needs of all consumers in terms of the convenience, availability and accessibility of our products in the future.”

The report has been commissioned from ippr trading ltd, the consultancy arm of Institute for Public Policy Research (ippr), and is based on a survey of more than 1,000 people who live alone and a series of interviews with solo livers”

.

http://www.ippr.org/press-releases

More people now live alone in Britain than ever before and the number is expected to rise over the coming decades.

This is partly due to people living longer and either divorcing late in life or living alone after a partner's death.

But the most marked shift is in the numbers of young people choosing to live alone.

Housing demand will also rise faster than population growth figures suggest, according to the IPPR.

The IPPR agreed and is calling for the rise in solo living needs to be incorporated into environmental and social planning.designobserver

Another Skin Oct - Dec 2012

Another Skin Material and Process

Different type of living space

Futuro flying saucer home, by Matti Suuronen. This one is at the Outer Banks, near Okracoke Island. It used to be a hot dog stand.

Futuro Specifications:

- polyester exterior

- colours white, light blue, yellow or red

- height 4 meters

- diameter 8 meters

- weight 4000 kilos

- floor space 25 square meters

- 20 oval shaped windows

- retractable stairs entrance

- 6 bed-seats plus 1 double bed-seat

- central fire place and bbq

- Kitchen

- bathroom with toilet

- moveable by helicopter

Mobile living space made from inexpensive material

About 100 Futuro houses were built around the world

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http://www.urbanspaces.co.uk/property_details









Underwater hotel in Dubai. by Deep Ocean Technology (DOT)

Teapot building At 73.8 meters in height, and featuring a floor area of over 5,000 square meters
With a maximum diameter of 24 meters, and a capacity of 28,360.23 cubic meters
Museum in China Meitan County “hometown of Chinese green tea”


http://www.odditycentral.com/news/china-inaugurates-teapot-shaped-museum-of-tea-culture.





Designed by Markus Voglereiter
Transforming an 70s style suburban home into a Old  Volkswagen Beetle car shape house



 


http://www.odditycentral.com/pics/compact-house-is-shaped-like-a-compact-car

 urban Cactus, Rotterdam, Netherlands: 


A housing project sits in the Vuurplaat harbor
19 floors with 98 apartments
by UCX Architects / Ben Huygen and Jasper Jaegers

Unusual Living space

My Ideas

Circular  and Triangle Patterns Experiment

Manikin covered with mud rock and plaster

To protect the manikin it was covered with cling foil

The rough texture can be smooth out with plaster layer's a couple of times

Protecting the manikin

Model made out of paper to show division

.
To get the overall size and shape paper is used

Front and side elevation 

Platform models are made to show the depth  and height

The delusional Idea of  a face no connections at this time reguarding building or living space

Most Fashion ideas come from architecture. We can usually design a garment to anything we would like it to be. 

Robotic and layered form

Darkening the outline of the steps gives you the illusion of no gaps

The history of housing and home creation

The First Shelters

Before the concept of home and housing evolved, man used to live in trees. Living in trees was a way of avoiding attack from wild animals. Later man began to pile branches on the ground in order to create a Crude shelter. An alternative was living in caves. Subsequently, man learned to make tools to build a better shelter and tried to use the best materials available to suit is needs. Wherever there was a lack of trees, man learnt to pile stones or use earth itself to build a shelter. In the process of using earth a discovery of clay was made and soon man was forming small blocks of clay that would dried in the sun and piled on top of each other to build a home.

Crude Shelters

Caves used as shelter, a safe place

The Wemyss Caves

Houses in Ancient Civilizations

In 3100 BC the ancient Egyptians were already building flat – topped houses using sun dried bricks which the Assyrians improved on. In 2500 BC the Assyrians used different techniques in constructing bricks in the baking and glazing process, which resulted in stronger and harder bricks.

The Ancient Greeks built the first houses made of stone with slanted roof which let the rain slide off. The Romans did the same but added central heating. They laid earthenware pipes under roof or floor and ran hot water or air to heat the interior. The Romans also built there houses around open air atrium or central court. The Arab built homes in a similar style to the Romans in Moorish Spain.

Shelter in the Middle-Ages

After the collapse of The Roman Empire in 400 AD, German and Scandinavian tribes overran Europe and many of the Romans’ innovations were lost. As a result the new invaders set up building called “Hams”, which is where the word home comes from. In these Hams there were long halls called ‘heals’. They made frame supports using heavy timber or wood and use clay to fill in the gaps between the wood.

These houses developed into fortified castles in the Middle-Ages. When building castles new additions were made such as stone walls, water filled moats, draw-bridges inside the wall stables, barracks, shops, kitchen, dining halls and a prison castle. In essence, a castle was a self-contained building.

In the 1400s Europeans built half-timber houses with stone or brick foundations. They also supported the building with tree trucks in each corner and upright wooden beams between the trundle. They continued to use clay and straw to plaster the walls.

North American Indian, also known as Native American Shelters

They built several types of houses depending on the material they found around them. The Eastern Woodland tribes made Wigwams by tying wide strips of barks to frames from young tree bent to form arches. The plains Indians lived with the buffalo’s, they did not have trees to make houses. Their home is a tee-pee made with a few poles together at the top, spreading the pole at the bottom like an umbrella. The pole structure is covered with buffalo skin.

Wigwams

Native South American Incas

Before the Spaniards invaded Peru in the 1600s the Incas made unusual stone houses, using stone blocks by cutting stone’s with special stone tools. House’s was built on different levels connected by stone stair’s well.  Water was carried by Stone Aqueducts to a pool outside the house enabling people to drink and bath.

Industrial Revolution era 1700s

In the Industrial Revolution era of the 1700s houses became cheaper and abundant. Homes was made more comfortable in the 1800s, iron stoves replace fire places. Kerosene lamps replace candles gas light took over both. Indoor toilet’s was becoming a modern necessary.

Modern homes of today supply much more comfort, satisfaction and protection. Numerous rooms as been create such as bedrooms, kitchen, dining room and lounge. Within the home we are privileged to have washing machine, dishwasher, heating and cooling systems, refrigeration and electricity.   

These home’s, come’s in different shapes sizes, with or without balconies or gardens. Made of brick’s, put together with cement. 

Years of discoveries and invention, lifestyle as changed considerably through the ages.

Plot-lander’s in the early-twentieth century

Plot-land’s until the 1939 was places where land was divided into small plots and sold, more often in unorthodox ways, to people wanting to build their country retreat, would be small holding or holiday homes. The large open space of grassy tracks thinly scatted with single story dwelling made from army huts, old railway coaches, sheds, shanties and chalets, slowly developing gradually into suburban development.

Because of the plotlands many changes emerged with time, they was the agricultural decline that began in the 1870s and continued until 1939, farmers became bankrupt forcing the sale of farms at throw-away-prices. The spread down of social scale holiday habit and the ‘weekend’ idea added to this. Until 1938 Holidays With Pay Act, enable any individual who wishes to take a holiday without being paid for that week or fortnight  were likely to find a cheap one, and record kept from newspapers in the 1930s shows the cheapest holidays available was to rent a plotland bungalow.  Owning your home is now the most common method of tenure in this country.

By the Second World War and the overpower control development given to planning authorities by the 1947 Town and Country Planning acts and its successors gradually put a stop to this kind of self-help house- building in Britain. In this era a fully-finished, house has to be produce before planning permission, approval under the Building Regulations or to get a mortgage loan to pay for site materials can be granted.

buildtrade steel construction process - YouTube

► 4:29► 4:29

www.youtube.com/watch?v=aoOWzRpeDKo

Straw Bale Construction Using a Clay Plaster Finish

Made of clay, chopped straw, sand and sealed with linseed oil. It can be waxed. Like a concrete slab, it can function as a radiant heat floor and take advantage of the mass of the materials.

Natural clay finish needs good protection if used without an additive